MANAGING PEOPLE AND PERFORMANCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MANAGING PEOPLE AND PERFORMANCE - Essay Example When we talk about diversity, it is mostly meant like defined above people belonging to different cultures and so on. Diversity includes qualities and abilities that are different for every individual and when they meet together in one organization, they bring with them their thoughts, expertise, opinions and so on which are different than our own. Organizations are not only made up of individuals but are made up of teams and groups. They work together to achieve one common organizational goal despite their diverse differences as mentioned above. To manage such vast workplace diversity is the main concern of the managers today. All the people in the organization are required to work together in peace and harmony so that organizational goals could be realized. HR Managers have a duty to come up with different strategies to manage the workforce diversity to improve workplace productivity. Diversity is a valuable asset of any organization. This is because if different people are working together, they can create new ideas and products that could result in competitive advantage for any company. The key activity of the HR managers does not only include how to manage the diverse workforce. It also includes how to manage work/life balance and providing diversity training. Looking at the past it can be seen that workforce has changed significantly. More and more women have entered the organizational world and account for almost 50% of the workforce. (Foot and Hook) To cater the needs of the work\life balance especially for the women with dependent children, flexible working hours are now part of the provisions of Employment Act (2002). The work/life balance was not only issue for the women but also for he men who found it hard to manage their personal responsibilities because of heavy workloads. (Robbins and Sanghi. Pg 509). Today, managers have instituted different strategies to provide work/life balance for all the employees.

Business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Business law - Essay Example Dan I his case did not do so, hence creating an unsafe environment around the truck. Flo must prove the truck driver breached his duty. Drivers are supposed to park their vehicles safely irrespective of the location; Dan on this case did not apply his emergency brake leading to the fateful events that led to Flo getting injured (Croft 34). Flo has to prove that the driver’s mistake is what caused damage. Here, she would be looking for causation. Flo would prove that Dan’s breach of his duty to apply emergency breaks is what directly led to his vehicle rolling down to cause the gas pump explosion and further damage. Therefore, in the event which Dan could have applied breaks, the event could not have happened. In this case, she would be looking for â€Å"proximate cause† (Croft 35). In this case, the damage cause can it be attributable as the driver to have had a foresight of what could have happened when he left the truck not in emergency gear or not. Finally, Flo would look for damages caused by Dan’s negligence and prove it. She would prove that due to Dan’s negligence, it is what caused the truck to roll down and result to the gas pump explosion and other damages. In the case of Flo, the damage was foreseeable since leaving once truck with parking brakes always provides the car to move towards the pull of gravity, in that case, down the hill to cause the given injury (Croft 36). Q. 2 Jean owns five acres of land in an area of single-family homes on mostly one-acre plots. Jean’s property contains her house and three outbuildings. Among the animal housed in outbuildings are Kennel, a dog and Louis, a tiger. Mare, a neighbor, is jogging past Jean’s property. Under what circumstance is Jean strictly liable if Kennel bites Mary? Under what circumstance is Jean strictly liable if Louis bites Mary? This case will mostly depend on the dog bite case existent in the given state. In this case, when Mary did not trespass

Factors affecting change

Factors affecting change Explain briefly what kind of change has taken place in both the organization, and discuss the reasons of this change, identify whether it is a result of internal environmental factors or external environmental factors in both organizations you selected. Comparison of Chosen organizations I have chosen two organizations names, Tandoori Restaurant and Tata Motors, so Tandoori Restaurant is a small and private owned business as compare with other business because Tata Motors is an international and large brand so it is well known everywhere but both businesses are based in India. Overview of Tandoori Restaurant I have been with Tandoori Restaurant since two years as a waiter or serving staff. I analyze the changes in management when a senior casher Mr. Sangit Singh got position of manager so he brought several changes in management and system. Specifically he brought internal changes in the efficiency and performance of employees. Major Changes Business Hours; he change the business hours and maintain the new roster for employees, they spend more potential hours on work especially breakfast means early morning and dinner times to late night. Customer services focus; he put the certain ways and rules to employees for customer orientation like that deal politely and take order carefully etc. He trained the waiters how they take correct order and they should know the recipes of all dishes because some time customer asked about the ingredients before recording order. He has given the new bright vision to all employees about culture differences and diversities because some time customers belong to different cultures and religions. He builds up proper communication between chef and waiters about the food, ingredients and customer orders and if customer changed his order so waiter conveniently replace the order. Chef performance; leader improves the chef performance because he believes that chef should be active, professional and expert in all areas of cooking. In busy hours chef should be quick and cook several recepies at a time. He strictly check the quantity of cooked food and he stop the wastage of cooked food, in this way daily they cooked estimated numbers of people food and they saved their raw food items. Internal Reasons for Change Tandoori Restaurant is a small and private business so in the end of fiscal year they found the bit loss and their business is not growing so than they brought Mr.Singht Singh as a restaurant manager. He modifies the management system and he took initiative for the business growth. He brought some internal and external changes like that; Customer focus; he improve the quality of customer services and he gave the trial and training of dealing the several culture customers. they were in full competition so they need to provide best customer services and more working hours with the variety of food and may be time to time they need to do promotion offers as well. They have to improve the culture gap between employees of restaurant. Chef performance; he improves the kitchen management and chef performance during busy working hours. Meanwhile he reduces the wastage of cooked food and save the raw food and money. Overview of Tata Motors Tata Motors was highly successfully, well diversified and globally ambitious automobile giant represents one of Indias most remarkable corporate successful. Tata Motors has a 5 billion loss when suddenly his trucks demand collapsed so thats why by the end of fiscal year of March 2001they had a biggest lost in the history of company. Major Changes Less Cyclical Product; they focus on less cyclical products like that light commercial vehicles, buses, spare parts and passenger cars and they put their resources and effort on these products. Domestic Market Share; Today Tata Motors transformed in to worlds fifth-largest manufacturer of medium and heavy trucks .Now it has got 61 percent domestic market share in this sector. It is in number-two position for sales of passenger vehicles in the Indian market. Overseas Market; It has also built a significant global presence and establish the sales efforts in overseas markets because they want to improve and maintain their sales level. Tata is one of the large Company doing e-sourcing in India and it is one of the world wide leading automobile industry. Joint Venture; Tata Motors has formed a joint venture with Marcopolo, the Brazilian bus manufacturer, these are the international brands. Tata Motors will flourish their business with them. Tata Motors has embarked on a wide-ranging global partnership with the Italian group-an arrangement that both sides expect to flourish. External Reasons for change: Less Demand; Tata Motors faced a problem of less demand for its core product, so their main product was trucks and they face the loss sale in the present market so they invested on other products like that spare parts, passengers cars etc. Competition threat; they have a threat from overseas automobile companies because market is full with the competition of model, price and quality. There was a threat from overseas competitors Government Encouragement; There was an opportunity from encouraging social and economic trends like new mobility of young Indians, the governments large road-building program, and generally floating GDP growth. Internal Reasons for Change Loss in Profit; They had a loss of 5 billion rupees in annual fiscal year of March 2001. They had fewer sales so thats why that loss was a significant for business. Expansion of Business; they have desired to expand business in entire their own country and other countries as well. Desire of expand business. Question 2 Use your research and analytical ability and explain what was the role of the leaders in both organizations throughout the change. Also explain how various leaders applied their ideas and concepts in the process of change management. Answer; Role of Tandoori Restaurant He is a best leader because he brought the new way to do things right and flourish the business. He has several leadership qualities like that Brain Storming; he was the leader who has good brain storming skills because he cheered a meeting and discussions with employees before giving them change plan. Motivate; he motivated the employees to do hard work and learn new market skills for the improvement of existing business and he announce the bonus cash at the end of fiscal year for the most hardworking, regular and efficient employee. Team work; he gave the spirit of team work in the environment of restaurant and he realized to employees that business will go with team work, emphasis on the co-operation of chef, waiters and manager with each other and all the employees should work for the business growth. Customer Focus; he concentrate on customer services and dealing, basically this is the core area of business where they taught employees who they can focus on customers. Role of Tata Motor Leader; At the time of transformation, they had a problem of 40 % reduction in the commercial-vehicle market in India. They had loss of 5 billion rupee in March 2001 and it was happened first time in the companys history. But Ravi Kant along with his team understood the situation and tried to know what had gone wrong and to create a best path for the future, so that they never face such situation in future again. Cost Reduction; after big loss in business they planned to reduce the cost of product because they were facing the reduction in sales so all the Costs had to be reduced in a bigger way, and that was challenge for him as a companys point of view. Company Position; he maintain the standard of product and he retained the companys position in business market of India. He planned for expansion companys operations internationally. They being a unit Improved quality of a product. Employees Focus; he arranged the meetings and discussions for employees to know customer problems, demands and suggestions. Staff Training; He facilitated proper training programme for different staff and workers. Unity and Encouragement; he set and specify the certain ways to create unity among all staff and workers. He encourages the workers about their performance and coming challenges. Broad Vision; he has a broad business vision about national and international market. He knows the demand and opportunities of different products as well he knows the more potential international market. Optimistic; he was fully confident and optimistic about future of his business and he convert the both skills to employees. Question 3 Compare and evaluate the application of leadership in change management in both the organizations and discuss the similarities and differences in implementation of leadership ideas in both organizations. Answer; Comparisons; Tandori Restaurant has incremental change in management and Tata motors has transformational changes in their set up. Tata Motors is a big international known brand and Tandoori Restaurant is a local Indian based business and it is a small business. Similarities; Both organizations are customer focused and profit oriented because their main focus to gain more customers and earn significant profit. As well they have focus to maintain the good repute of their companies in local market. Both has a staff training programmes and counseling and staff problem solvers because their leaders believe if staff and employees are happy so they must show the best results in their performance. In this regard they listen their employees and consider their constructive suggestions. Both companies focused on team work and create cooperative and constructive environment for the employees and they vanish the communication gap and cultural difference between staff and employees of companies. Outcome of Changes in Tandoori Restaurant He was an intelligent and broad vision leader because Manager Singet Singh knew that their internal demand, which is quite high, will help as an important instrument for reactivating the economy of restaurant. Manager of restaurant knows the challenge and competition of restaurant in local market so thats why he brought professional business changes. Being a Manager Singet Singh took initiative in these incremental changes in restaurant management. However his recommendations are acceptable by the owner and employees of restaurant. The leader of Restaurant played a key role in the management of company and he realized that the decision-making process was a reflection of how he used to manage the company. Leader was fully committed with his given tasks and confident about his steps that what he is doing, is the right way to go. Leader has to be committed for what he is going to do. If he is trust on himself then people will follow him. Tandoori Restaurant manager encouraged and appreciate the hard working and consistent staff, in this regard he announce the cash bounce in the end of fiscal year. Restaurant manager acknowledge the value and objective of the company and he has taken steps in the interest of company. Outcome of Tata Motors Tata Motors leader is intellectual and broad exposure about business market so he took the initiative to manage and regain the financial stability of Tata Motors. At the time of diversification, TATA Motors had a problem of 40 % shrunk in the commercial-vehicle market in India. There was a loss of 5 billion rupee in 2001 and it was happened first time in the companys history. So leader was still optimistic and struggling to retain the position and revenue of the company. But still they understood the situation, tried to know what had gone wrong and to create a path for the future. So they never face such situation in future. TATA Motors had unity among their staff member thats why Ravi Kant says that if they would have had tried to go only through the top, they might not have succeeded as well, and the transformation might have taken much longer. TATA Motors facilitated breakfast meetings to boost staff, asking them for their frank views. Understanding they were suffocated and they wanted change. So they started picking out some them to face challenges and grow in company. Leader has to be patient, persistent, and brave at the same time. Meanwhile leader Ravi Kant considered the intrinsic values of employees as well and he took some tough people decisions. With those who are very closed to you because the company comes first; and leader is here to do what is best for the company.   Leaders should be patience and confident as we see Ravi Kant being a chairman, he has enough patience and confidence throughout entire management. He was the leader who has persistent attitude towards company growth and maintenance. Differences in both Companies Tandoori Restaurant is a small and private owned business and leader is bit autocratic with employees. Restaurant has the incremental internal changes because leader reorganizes the system of restaurant. Tata Motors is a big business but leader of this company is democratic because he invites the employees to discuss the issues and suggestion of customers. Tata Motors is a transformational internal and external change in his setup and management.

Standardized Testing and Teacher Cheating Essay -- High-Stakes Standard

In the contemporary American education system high-stakes standardized testing has resulted in a focus on extensive test preparation, as well as a large increase in the numbers of teachers cheating by alternating their students' test scores. Both these phenomena are a direct consequence of the incentives and punishments directly linked to standardized test results. Many teachers have taken acceptable measures in improving their students’ scores, such as simply â€Å"teaching to the test†, and taking class time to teach test taking techniques and procedures often resulting in a significant loss in time for other important standards and benchmarks that are not tested on. Taking a deontologist stance, one would propose that the teachers are merely acting from their duty to help their students succeed, and that if the standardized test is a true reflection of the material a student should have mastered, â€Å"teaching to the test† exactly the course a teacher should take. With the implementation of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2002 teachers are â€Å"implicitly encouraged to reallocate classroom time, because it only requires testing in reading and math in seven grades and science in three† (Phelps) and taking any other form of action would result in failure for the students and the instructor. One can argue that teac hing to the test can easily be squashed by changing and rotating test topics between all of the benchmarks and standards teachers are ethically obligated to teach; however, this arises the question, do administrators and educators really want to stop this well adapted to process? This phenomenon places a utilitarian at a conflict of short term versus long term effects and benefits. When focusing on the short term benefits, a utili... ...2011): 38+. Literature Resource Center. Web. 19 Nov. 2013. Smolin, Andrea, and Jennifer Clayton. "Standardized Testing: How Prepared Are We?." Journal of Cases in Educational Leadership. 12(4). (2009): 29-36. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. Wiliam, Dylan. "Standardized Testing and School Accountability." Educational Psychologist. 45(2). (2010): 107-122. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. Farah, Yara N. "Through Another's Eyes." Gifted Child Today 36.3 (2013): 209-212. Professional Development Collection. Web. 22 Nov. 2013. Was, Christopher A. "Standardized Testing: NOT The Root Of All Evil." Psyccritiques 54.23 (2009): PsycCRITIQUES. Web. 18 Nov. 2013. Jacob, Brian, and Steven Levitt. "Rotten Apples: An Investigation of the Prevalence and Predictors of Teacher Cheating." Oxford University Press. 118.3 (2003): 843-877. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. .

Pro Gaming Essay

Gaming for a living always seemed like some sort of adolescent dream growing up. Being paid to play your favorite game was something most kids only fantasized about, but now in 2013, it actually can be a reality for the truly hard working and talented. Electronic sports, also known as eSports has exploded worldwide, and with it, there is an entire class of 15 to 30 year olds who now play games for a living. Out of the millions that play titles like Starcraft, Defense of the Ancients or League of Legends, these players have gotten so good that many can make a full-time living out of gaming. The top few players in the world even pull in six figure salaries between sponsorships, team salaries and tournament winnings. So, how can you follow their lead? One thing should be clear from the start; pro-gaming involves a lot of hard work and determination to emerge as the top player. Firstly, gaming can be started at any age! As for me, I was heavily influenced by my elder brother in gaming since young, as I would often watch him play computer games because there was only one computer at home. It all started from a popular Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) game which is the Defense of the Ancients, also known as DotA for short. I played it for 5 long years before deciding to move onto another similar game but with a much different mechanics, League of Legends or otherwise known as LoL. After playing casually for years, one might want to start venturing into competitive gaming, which also applies for me since I enjoy gaming very much. You will definitely need to find a gaming team of your own. But to do so, you have to practice and play the game a lot to get better at it. And if you play often enough, it will allow you to meet other better players out there too. From there, you can make friends with the people and plan to form a team together to take part in local gaming competitions and compete against other fellow local competitive gamers. Never take these chances of entering a competition lightly though, give it your best when competing whether in team play or individual skills. Because you will get scouted if your skills are recognized by professionals who plan to set up a pro-gaming team consisting of various best players from the different teams he or she have observed during the game play. Congratulations, you are now a part of a professional gaming team! You finally get to do something you like, which is gaming for a living. What now you say? This involves a lot of commitment on your part, be very hardworking, start practicing and training really hard, especially as a team. It is important that you get used to playing with four other strangers, or better yet bond with them as much as you can. Teamwork is crucial in MOBA games. Be part of a community, whether it is participating in forum discussions or keeping yourself updated with the game, it is important that you are not practicing in a vacuum. Outside input and strategy discussions with friends who also play is important when you are going pro. Needless to say, you will have to work like any other working adult, just that your two off days might be on weekdays instead of weekends as many teams are often more free to train during weekends. Next is to start streaming your games regularly and grow a following of viewers. Make updates of your games as they progress and interact with your viewers. Remember the more of a following you have, the bigger your advantage is. This will push you to become better and represent your viewers in all tournaments. Lastly, always watch previous tournaments game replays, especially the more successful ones, to study other teams’ strategies and understand their game play. This will help in the future to use these strategies to defeat teams or to counter their strategies. Another way to do so is to scrim often against better opponents to constantly improve and learn from mistakes. Being a professional gamer has its perks; not just one or two that I have no idea where to even start from. Well what else could be better than earning your money with your passion? And you get paid to play, enough said. Moving on to be a professional gamer, you need to enter and win tournaments. Games like Starcraft 2 and League of Legends has crossed the five million dollars mark in prize money. Seriously, this is easy money and all you have to do is commit your time to training everyday spending almost ten to twelve hours in front of your computer. If your team is doing very well, sponsorship opportunities from various huge names for gaming gears like Razer or Steelseries will come knocking at your door. Excellent gaming equipments were never cheap to begin with anyway, so sponsorships like this help you hone your skills better to perform well during tournaments. Often these companies will also sponsor your travelling and accommodation when your team is required to head overseas for certain tournaments. So basically, all your expenses are sponsored except for your shopping! I am sure this will benefit more for female gamers than to males. While travelling around the world to compete, you get to go to places and meet people; you might even be urprised that you have fans from overseas even if your team is not famous to begin with. It’s always experiences like these which are hard to come by that make your trip an unforgettable one, a once in a lifetime experience. It is also advisable to make your team marketable to fetch in commercial deals from your sponsors so the income will not be stagnant. Lastly, you gain fame and respect from it, learn to keep your cool in games and the fulfillment and satisfaction rewards as you reap the fruits of your labor. Benefits come with disadvantages too. Your life is pretty much repetitive, which means long hours of constant, epic combat with people across regions every day. Missing on family engagements as much of your time is dedicated to gaming, so you will have to find a balance for it. Male gamers might have trouble finding their other half due to the stereotype that gamers are mostly nerds, while female gamers get stereotyped that we cannot excel in gaming and get flamed all the time because male gamers will just ask us to â€Å"Go to the kitchen and make me a sandwich†, a popular phrases that I’m tired of seeing. Gaming is also a sport, electronic sports. It is not difficult to become a professional gamer as long as you put in the effort and hard work during trainings. If pro-gaming is your passion, never give up and strive to get better, because you can never be the best as people are constantly getting better and overtaking you. It is after all, a legitimate job.

Lindbergh Kidnapping research paper Essay

The trial of Bruno Richard Hauptmann in 1935 and the Lindbergh kidnapping was known by many as â€Å"the crime of the century†. Though many are still doubting whether or not Hauptmann actually committed the crime, there is much evidence pointing toward him that proves he was guilty. In examining the evidence presented, there was a great variety of it. It included handwritten evidence, witnesses, the ladder used to get into the baby’s window, and the ransom money found hidden in his home. Many experts who testified clearly identified Hauptmann’s handwriting while witnesses saw him on the Lindbergh estate lingering in his vehicle the day of the crime. In light of the specific type of ransom money that was discovered in his home, Hauptmann’s guilt was confirmed. The presented factors were overwhelming in proving his guilt. Bruno Hauptmann was guilty of the Lindbergh baby kidnapping and murder and should have been executed. Hauptmann had a long history of lawbreaking and violence throughout his teenage years. When he was a teenager, Hauptmann served as a machine gunman on the western front for the German army. During his time served, he lost two of his brothers, who died in battle. Hauptmann also lacked in much of his education. He only attended eight years of school and two years of secondary school for machinery and carpentry. After he was released from the army, he had no choice but to turn to a life of crime. Due to the crashing economy in Germany after the war, unemployment was extremely high, and with little education, Hauptmann needed a way to survive (â€Å"Bruno Richard Hauptmann Biography†). Hauptmann was convicted numerous times in Germany, and after many years of theft, arrests, and jail time, he was sent to prison. Surprisingly, he managed to escape incarceration. Hauptmann’s next step was to try and illegally enter the United States. Two times he failed and was sent to back t o Germany until November of 1923, when he successfully smuggled himself into the United States. During October of 1925, Hauptmann married a German immigrant, Anna Schoeffler, and successfully attempted to live a normal life with her. That was until Hauptmann committed the grisly crime of kidnapping and murdering Charles Lindbergh Jr, a toddler of only 20 months old (â€Å"Bruno Richard Hauptmann Biography†). There was an exorbitant amount of evidence presented to the jury during Hauptmann’s trial. Among the evidence was that of a ransom note left on the windowsill of the Lindbergh  baby’s window. The note read â€Å"Dear Sir! Have 50000$ redy 25000$ in 20$ bills 15000$ in 10$ bills and 10000$ in 5$ bills After 2-4 days we will inform you were to deliver the Mony. We warn you for making anyding public or for notify the Police The child is in gut care. Indication for all letters are singnature and three holes† (â€Å"Letters of Note: The Child Is in Gut Care†). Experts compared the handwriting on the note to that of Hauptmann’s, and it was relatively an identical match. Many of the letters were written the same, for example in the note, the perpetrator curled his at the end â€Å"y†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s, and Hauptmann proved to do the same (Linder). Although there was one expert who testified on Hauptmann’s behalf, his explanation was basically thrown away by the jury because it was outrageous (â€Å"The Evidence Against Hauptmann†). Another crucial piece of evidence found was the ladder Hauptmann used to get himself into Lindbergh’s window. He left the ladder at the crime scene and it was inspected by the crime scene investigators. It was said to be manufactured by the same wood that is used at a lumber yard near Hauptmann’s home. It was constructed at home and made to easily fold into three parts so that it could be transported in a tight space. Hauptmann used this to get into the nursery on the second floor of the Lindbergh home. When investigators looked around Hauptmann’s neighborhood, they discovered a lumber yard and compared the wood used in the ladder and discovered a match. Also, the wood from his attic was used to construct the ladder. Although the defense testified at the trial that the ladder had been soiled and should not be used as a real incriminating piece of evidence, it was still largely considered in the jury’s decision of making a verdict (â€Å"The Evidence Again st Hauptmann†). Hauptmann could not be placed with the child, or committing the heinous crime, but many people witnessed him around the Lindbergh residence a few days before the kidnapping, and even in his vehicle the day of the crime. Doctor John Condon, the man who delivered the ransom money to Hauptmann for the Lindberghs, testified that Hauptmann was definitely the man who was at the meeting spot to pick up the ransom money. There were many witnesses for everything that Hauptmann did previous the crime; he was identified cashing in the gold notes and following the ransom negotiator. However all witnesses except Doctor John Condon refused to identify  Hauptmann for the court. The only witness who testified was Condon (â€Å"The Evidence Against Hauptmann†). In order to hopefully capture the criminal of the crime, the Lindbergh’s paid the murder not in money, but in gold notes. Gold notes were unsuccessful in American banking and were discontinued after 1933. They were very easy to track and very obvious when used. All banks in America had a list of the serial numbers of the gold notes, and once the ransom money was paid, police tracked them for two years. Most of them were used and cashed in the New York area, where Hauptmann lived. The gold notes were used against Hauptmann as evidence when he cashed one in at a gas station and when police found them in his home. A man who worked at a gas station had had his suspicions about Hauptmann and written down his license plate number on the actual gold note and turned it into the police. Upon being turned in, the police tracked the license plate and found it belonged to Hauptmann. The next day, he was arrested and his house was searched. Investigators found $14,000 in his garage and it was discovered to be the ransom money that Condon delivered. (â€Å"The Evidence Against Hauptmann†). The remains of the victim, Charles Lindbergh Jr, were found near his home on May 12, 1932. When detectives further investigated the child’s remains, they discovered that he was killed the night of the kidnapping and Hauptmann rid of his body by leaving it in the woods. They also suggested that Lindbergh Jr was killed the night of the kidnapping, and was never alive while ransom money was being exchanged and negotiated (Linder). America was completely taken aback that someone would cause such heartbreak to their hero, Charles Lindbergh. Local newspapers wrote articles of how the kidnapper deserves the utmost punishment to the full extent of the law (â€Å"Historical Newspapers†). Newspapers also blamed gangs for the kidnapping of the â€Å"Lone Eagle†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s son. Notorious gang leader Al Capone was the center of attention after the crime took place, but in order to clear his name, he offered a $10,000 reward for the safe return of the baby, and also said that he himself would find the murderer if he was let go from incarceration (â€Å"The Crime of the Century†). Hauptmann testified until his last breath that he was innocent. His last words were â€Å"I am glad that my life in a world which has not understood me has ended. Soon I will be at home with my Lord, so I am dying an innocent man. Should, however, my death serve for the purpose of abolishing capital  punishment—such a punishment being arrived at only by circumstantial evidence—I feel that my death has not been in vain. I am at peace with God. I repeat, I protest my innocence of the crime for which I was convicted. However, I die with no malice or hatred in my heart. The love of Christ has filled my soul and I am happy in Him† (Linder). He tried his hardest to convince the jury, the judge, and the prosecuting attorney that he was innocent. However, the evidence spoke for itself. Everything played against Hauptmann’s favor, and he was executed on April 3, 1936 (Linder). The label â€Å"crime of the century† is very pertinent for the Lindbergh trial. Many people mourned for America’s hero after he was forced to deal with such heartbreak. The Lindbergh family were thrown into a pit of despair after the kidnapping and murder of their beloved son. Although many believed that Hauptmann was innocent, and his trial was unfair and tampered with, the amount of evidence presented was enough for the jury to reach a guilty verdict. Amidst the evidence was gold notes that were used as ransom money, handwritten evidence, the ladder used to get into the nursery window, and eyewitnesses. Bruno Richard Hauptmann was guilty for the kidnapping and murder of Charles Lindbergh Jr and it was a righteous act that he was arrested and executed.

Ethical Self Reflection Essay Essay Example

Ethical Self Reflection Essay Essay Example Ethical Self Reflection Essay Essay Ethical Self Reflection Essay Essay Abstraction In many instances. a individual must take between two or more â€Å"rights† that may or may non aline with both one’s lesson and ethical criterions. The care-based. rule-based. ends-based thought to get at a determination instead than apologizing after the fact are necessary for analysing ethical quandary ( Hughes. Ginnett. A ; Curphy. 2012. pp. 164-165 ) . The self-reflection needed to place one’s cardinal nature. and to understand the ethical motives. moralss and values one uses to do determinations are critical to going an reliable leader who is a moral director that serves the people that follow him or her ( Hughes. et. Al. pp. 152-153 ) . Ethical Self Reflection What is right? Ethical motives define personal character related to the thoughts of both right and incorrect. Ethical motives. while inherently linked to ethical motives and one’s moral duties. is a set of moral rules used in a societal system in which those ethical motives are applied. In other words. moralss point to criterions or codifications of behaviour expected by the group to which the person belongs. These criterions could be national moralss. societal moralss. company moralss. professional moralss. or even household moralss. So while a person’s moral codification is normally unchanging. the moralss he or she patterns can be dependent on exogenic factors non controlled by the person or the group to which the person belongs. Care-based thought describes what is normally referred to as the Golden Rule. â€Å"Do unto others as you want others to make to you† . of behavior and is most closely aligned with Aristotle’s Hagiographas refering felicity. Ar istotle writes in Nichomachean Ethics that. â€Å"If felicity is activity in conformity with virtuousness. it is sensible that it should be in conformity with the highest virtuousness ; and this will be that of the best thing in us† ( Aristotle. 1992. p. 7 ) . Therefore the thought of moralss does non get down with the ethical motives of either right or incorrect. but starts with the premiss that we all desire what is good or what seems so to us ( Brennan. 1992. p. 64 ) . Happiness. so. is to populate in an objectively good manner harmonizing to several virtuousnesss that conform to the best and most complete facets of human activity including wisdom. cognition. bravery. self-denial. munificence. and honest aspiration ( Brennan. pp. 65-67 ) . These virtuousnesss describe the character of a good individual whose Acts of the Apostless are ethically free. non compelled ; voluntary and non forced. Unlike Aristotle’s character based moralss. Immanuel Kant proposes a rule-based thought that actions of true moral worth are done when a individual does the right thing because it is right and non for what benefit the individual can acquire out of the act ( Hughes. et. Al. p. 165 ) . This type of believing mostly negates the external factors that may act upon a person’s disposition to wiegh the determination to move based on the greatest hapiness provided to thegreatest figure of people. When one takes the consequences or effects of an act into consideration moreso than the act’s rightness or inappropriateness. so the act can be said to be based on ends-based thought ( Hughes. et. Al. p. 165 ) . This thought is mostly based on Utilitariansim proposed by JohnStuart Mill in 1863 who defines it as: The credo which accepts as the foundation of ethical motives. Utility. or the Greatest Happiness Principle. holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to advance felicity. incorrect as they tend to bring forth the felicity. By felicity is intended supplication sure. and the absence of hurting ; by sadness. hurting. and the want of pleasance ( Mill. 1863. pp. 9-10 ) . Mill. nevertheless. did non suggest that the terminals of an action justified the agencies. for justness. to Mills. is paramount to the creative activity of good organisations and societies ( Mill. pp. 42-43 ) . The rule of ends-based thought or utilitarianism requires that each individual count for every bit much as the following. and that no individual adult male or adult female should be made to endure unfairness in order to increase the felicity of all the remainder ( Brennan. p. 98 ) . Determining why we say what we are traveling to state ; why we do what we are traveling to make ; and why we feel what we feel in an ethical quandary presupposes that moral pick is rational. However. â€Å"man is non a rational animate being ; he is a apologizing animal†¦ [ and ] one of the hardest things to believe is the abysmal deepness of human stupidity† ( Heinlein. 1953. p. 18 ) . This Sartrean trade name of existential philosophy is based on the thought that we act first. and so look around for ground afterward ( Brennan. p. 122 ) . This rationalizing does non run at the degree of our ain behaviour entirely. We. as societal animate beings. are prone to accommodate to the world as others find it. We tend to conform. even if. when rationally examined. the world of the group does non do sense. â€Å"To thine ain ego be true. and it must follow. as the dark the twenty-four hours. thou canst non so be false to any man† ( Shakespeare. Hamlet. Act I scene 3. 78-82 ) . Shakespeare provides Polonius a voice that resonates clearly in present contexts the importance of being true with one’s ethical motives and virtuousnesss. True. non in the Elizabethan sense of doing certain you had your place and fundss in order to let you to break aid others. but true in a sense of Plato’s axiom â€Å"Know Thyself† . Jean-Jacques Rousseau. whose name is strongly associated with the Enlightenment motion. believed that the cognition of oneself is the beginning of wisdom ( Brennan. J. . p. 75 ) . Deriving this c ognition requires self-reflection. Reflection links changed consciousness with changed action. Contemplation is a valuable portion of any worthwhile attempt. When one takes the clip to thoughtfully reflect about an experience. one is given the chance to larn from it. to bask success. understand failures. and to derive penetrations that will be helpful to you in future activities The cognition of ego is indispensable to enable leaders and followings who aspire to take to clear up their ain values as they model the manner for others to follow ( Barry P. . Kouzes J. . 2012 ) . However. raising the cloud of the false personal perceptual experiences we all build from the forepart of our observation lenses is no easy undertaking. Our inexplicit biass. in-group favouritism. claims of imagined recognition and misjudged struggles of involvement are the fuel to the clouds that provide us an over-inflated sense of ego ( Hughes R. L. . et Al. . 2012. pp. 161-163 ) Simple self-reflection or self-contemplation is utile when we are seeking to make up ones mind to do for dinner. During the 2012 Human Capital Institute ( HCI ) Learning and Leader Developm ent Conference. BG ( Ret ) Thomas Kolditz said that. â€Å"You can’t become in 30 seconds what you haven’t been in 30 years† ( Fakalata. 2012 ) . Whether a leader is in a corporate council chamber. watching the company’s monetary value point per portion autumn so low that you need a particular ticket into the New York Stock Exchange’s stinking underbelly to see how far it truly drop. or whether a leader is watching his ladder and hose crews conflict an industrial chemical fire near a suburban Alabama community. the state of affairss that test leading are besides the events that produce competent and selfless leaders driven by moral duty and societal scruples ( Kolditz. 2007 ) . Likewise. these same state of affairss produce the corporate and local authorities scoundrels that are ridiculed for their selfishness. incompetency. heedlessness and greed. Motive provides one the ground for making something and may be considered the â€Å"why† that inspires the â€Å"what† needs to be done ( Covey. 2006. p. 78 ) . Valuess are concepts stand foring generalised behaviours or provinces of personal businesss th at are considered by the person to be of import ( Hughes. Ginnett. A ; Curphy. 2012. p. 152 ) . With these definitions in head. one may surmise that values – what is of import to us – steer us to follow motivations that become seeable to others through our behaviour towards and with others to finish the â€Å"what† needs to be done. Loyalty to a leader is engendered when followings can put their full trust in leaders who are perceived as individuals with high moral unity ( Wakin. 1976. p. 587 ) . The moral duties one has influences the values that drive us toward a certain set of motivations that cause us to take action under changing fortunes. Leaderships who are consistent with their behaviours with regard to their sensed moral duties are viewed as holding high moral unity and worthy of trust. The ability of a individual to take a group is frequently dependent on the civilization and the group’s beliefs in right and incorrect – the ethical clime ( Hughes. Ginnett. A ; Curphy. p. 155 ) . For illustration. a individual who values money. cut d owning disbursals. recognizing net incomes. and maximising concern chances is motivated by finance or fiscal wealth. This individual. taking a group that values devotedness to responsibility. difficult work. and regard for authorization. may see trouble because the values are non shared and will seldom align to the tradition that motivates the group being led. The fiscal leader in a group of diehards may be viewed negatively because the obtaining fiscal success is considered the incorrect â€Å"why† to make work that requires – from the groups perspective – responsibility. trueness. difficult work and regard. In any context where leading is a critical constituent to success. moral absolutists whose values reflect rigorous attachment to a defined rule-based thought procedure may be viewed as sturdy and hide-bound. Likewise. a pragmatist or a individual that uses end-based thought to warrant actions may be viewed as one who uses any method to inadvisably accomplish the organisations ends and aims. In either instance. the denomination of absolutist or pragmatist may be viewed as a dyslogistic depending on what values are shared by the followings and the organisation. However. neither moral archetype account is sufficient when covering with human actions and the values that drive the motivations behind these actions. Truth-telling. promise-keeping. saving of life. regard for belongings may non be absolute moral duties. but they are non comparative either. Rather. as Hughes describes. the state of affairs significantly influences both the precedence of moral duties and the leading interaction between the leader and followings in a peculiar state of affairs ( Hughes. Ginnett. A ; Curphy. p. 26 ) . In footings possibly more easy understood. moral duties like promise-keeping may be at odds. depending on the state of affairs. with an equal cosmopolitan duty like continuing life. Neither duty is absolute and neither is comparative. nevertheless fortunes may originate when 1 must prioritise the duty that shapes what one values and provides the motivation to take action. Leadership is about acquiring consequences in a manner that inspires trust ( Covey. 2006. p. 40 ) . Trust of oneself. trust in the relationships we have with our components and the organisation of which we are portion. The means to carry through a undertaking and acquire the expected consequences are merely every bit of import as the terminals. Leaderships possessing a set of ethical motives consistent with the moralss of a given society ( organisation ) are better able to acquire consequences in a manner that maintains or increases trust. The non-conformists and the dissenters who openly oppose dominant societal attitudes and political orientations are non needfully more right or more rational. But we might take their unfavorable judgment as an chance for honorable self-reflection and scrutiny of even our most in a heartfelt way held positions of ourselves and our society. Congruity with ethical motives. values. motivations and behavior consequences in what we might name unity. There are no spreads between what the individual believes and how they act. and therefore we can swear t hat actions are done in conformity with who the person truly is. MentionsAristotle. ( 1992. January 3 ) . Nichomachean Ethics. The Internet Classics Archive. Ten. ( D. C. Stevenson. Ed. . A ; W. D. Ross. Trans. ) Cambridge. MA. United States. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //classics. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. edu//Aristotle/nicomachaen. hypertext markup language Brennan. J. G. ( 1992 ) . Foundations of Moral Obligation ; The Stockdale Course. Newport. Rhode island: Naval War College Press. Covey. S. ( 2006 ) . The Speed of Trust: The One Thing ThatChanges Everything. New York. New york: Free Press. Heinlein. R. A. ( 1953 ) . Assignment in Eternity. NY. New York: Baen Publishing Enterprises. Hughes. R. L. . Ginnett. R. C. . A ; Curphy. G. J. ( 2012 ) . Leadership: Enhancing the Lessons of Experience. New York. New york: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. Mill. J. S. ( 1863 ) . Utilitarianism. London. England: Parker. Son and Bourne. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //play. Google. com/store/books/details? id=lyUCAAAA QAAJ A ; rdid=book-lyUCAAAAQAAJ A ; rdot=1 Wakin. M. M. ( 1976 ) . The Ethics of Leadership. American Behavioral Scientist ( Pre-1986 ) . 19 ( 5 ) . 567-588. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //search. proquest. com/docview/194626859? accountid=12871

Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis Essay Essay Essays

Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis Essay Essay Essays Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis Essay Essay Paper Lord of the Flies Literary Analysis Essay Essay Paper After analysing the characters in William Golding’s novel. Lord of the Flies. one can acknowledge that many of the characters embody the subject of the novel. One of the outstanding subjects in Lord of the Flies is man’s interior barbarian ; man’s inhumaneness to others. and Golding manages explore and capture this subject in a manner that is gratifying to read. Three characters in the book who genuinely illustrate the subject of man’s interior barbarian ; man’s inhumaneness to others are Jack. Ralph. and Simon. The subject of the novel. man’s interior barbarian ; man’s inhumaneness to others is most evident in Jack Merridew’s character. Our first true glance into Jack’s interior monster occurs after he kills his first hog: His head was crowded with memories ; memories of the cognition that had come to them when they closed in on the fighting hog. cognition that they had outwitted a living thing. imposed their will upon it. taken away its life like a long satisfying drink ( Golding. 81 ) . Jack’s excitement stems from holding â€Å"outwitted† a living thing. and holding â€Å"imposed† his will on it. which he subsequently does with Simon. and Piggy. Jack truly has no ground for killing demoing that. â€Å"Perhaps the most distressing motivations for killing is merely for the bang of it. † ( Ramsland. 3 ) . Throughout the book. Jack is driven by his thirst for power. and is willing to travel to any lengths to acquire what he wants. which includes killing anybody that steps in his manner. He easy begins to lose his scruples. as shown by the fact that he feels no compunction. guilt. or repent after take parting in the barbarous slayings of both Simon. and Piggy. The fact that Ja ck could turn from a proper. English male child to a liquidator who can kill and experience no compunction. shows that Jack does harbor a monster inside of him. is a barbarian. and he is really capable of being inhumane to others. therefore. exemplifying the subject of the novel. Another character who briefly illustrates the subject of the novel is Ralph. Ralph shouldered the duty of delivering all the male childs. turn outing him to be the leader that the male childs on the island needed. but even so. Ralph senses himself falling into the same savageness as the other male childs at times during the book. On the Hunt that Ralph participates in. Ralph’s interior barbarian has one of its lone chances to uncover itself. â€Å"Ralph excessively was contending to acquire nigh. to acquire a smattering of that brown. vulnerable flesh. The desire to squash and ache was over-mastering† ( Golding. 164 ) . This Hunt proved that even Ralph. the reasonable. responsible. and rational leader who represented the battle for order. civilisation. and democracy on the island. has an interior barbarian. merely waiting to acquire out. Near the terminal of the book. Ralph was close to falling victim to the other boy’s savageness as they were trailing him through the island. ready to kill him. He trips and falls at the pess of an officer. and begins to shout. â€Å"Ralph wept for the terminal of artlessness. the darkness of man’s bosom. and the autumn through the air of a true. wise friend called Piggy† ( Golding. 290 ) . Ralph calls for all that he has lost. and at that minute. he realizes that he will neer be the same since he has learned about the immorality that lurks within all worlds. exemplifying the subject of man’s interior barbarian ; man’s inhumaneness to others. Man’s interior barbarian ; man’s inhumaneness to others is first recognized by the character. Simon. in the novel. Lord of the Flies. When the male childs discuss the possibility of there being a animal on the island. Simon steps frontward and says. â€Å"Maybe it’s merely us. † ( Golding. 126 ) implying that it was the boys themselves who were the â€Å"beast† . capable of aching. of killing. and of perpetrating other Acts of the Apostless of immorality. This subject is explored prior to the violent death of Simon. the other male childs chant. â€Å"Kill the animal! Cut his pharynx! Spill his blood! Do him in! † ( Golding. 219 ) and when Simon is being murdered. Golding describes it in barbarous item to stress the inhumaneness shown by the other male childs. and to demo how barbarian they have become: The sticks fell and the oral cavity of the new circle crunched and screamed. The animal was on its articulatio genuss in the centre. its weaponries folded over its face. It was shouting out against the detestable noise something about a organic structure on the hill. The animal struggled frontward. broke the ring and fell over the steep border of the stone to the sand by the H2O. At one time the crowd surged after it. poured down the stone. leapt on to the animal. screamed. struck. spot. torus. There were no words. and no motions but the lacrimation of dentitions and claws ( Golding. 219 ) . On the island. Simon was the lone character to stand for hope. and artlessness. but in the terminal. he was a direct consequence of the other boy’s savageness. and inhumaneness. His decease signified the terminal of artlessness. and goodness on the island. In William Golding’s book. Lord of the Flies. the subject of man’s interior barbarian ; man’s inhumaneness to others is explored in many ways. one of them being through the characters Jack. Ralph. and Simon. Jack embodies this subject the most. since he is the first to turn barbarian. and enforce his will on the other male childs. Ralph comes near to going a barbarian at times throughout the book. and Simon is one of the lone characters who manages to maintain his artlessness. but is a direct consequence of the savageness shown by the other male childs on the island in the terminal. William Golding managed to research and capture the subject of man’s interior barbarian ; man’s inhumaneness to others absolutely in his book. Lord of the Flies in a manner that is gratifying for all to read. Plants Cited Golding. William. Lord of the flies. New York: Coward-McCann. 1962. Print. Ramsland. Katherine. â€Å"The Unthinkable - Children Who Kill and What Motivates Them† Retrieved December 2. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. trutv. com/library/crime/serial_killers/weird/kids2/index_1. hypertext markup language

Much Ado About Nothing Character Profiles

'Much Ado About Nothing' Character Profiles Much Ado About Nothing characters are some of Shakespeares best-loved comedy creations. Whether it is Beatrice and Benedicks bickering or Dogberrys slapstick antics, the  Much Ado About Nothing characters are what makes this play so quotable and memorable. Lets delve in and profile the individual characters. The Lovers Benedick: Young, funny and locked into a love-hate relationship with Beatrice. He has been away fighting under Don Pedro, and upon his return to Messina, he vows never to marry. This slowly changes throughout the play - by the time he agrees to kill Claudio at the request of Beatrice, we know that he is committed to her. His sharpest weapon is his wit, but he meets his match with Beatrice. Beatrice: In many ways, she is very similar to her lover, Benedick; she is locked into the same love-hate relationship, is quick-witted and never wants to marry. The events of the play soon reveal the vulnerable side beneath her â€Å"hardened† exterior. Once she is tricked into thinking that Benedick is in love with her, she soon reveals her sweet, sensitive side. However, it is hinted throughout the play that Beatrice was once in love with Benedick, but their relationship went sour: â€Å"I know you of old,† she scorns. Claudio: One of Don Pedro’s men and a young lord of Florence. Although commended for his bravery in battle, Claudio is presented as young and naive. He is a difficult character to sympathize with because he is led purely by his courtly sense of honor. Throughout the play, he swings from love to despair to revenge too easily. In the first scene, he falls hopelessly in love with Hero (without even speaking to her!) and quickly takes revenge when he thinks he has been wronged by her. It is this character trait that enables the play’s central plot. Hero: As the beautiful daughter of Leonato, she soon attracts the attention of Claudio, who instantly falls in love with her. She is the innocent victim in the play when she is slandered by Don John as part of his plan to crush Claudio. Her sweet, gentle nature highlights her piety and contrasts nicely with Beatrice. The Brothers Don Pedro: As the Prince of Aragon, Don Pedro is the most powerful character in the play, and he is happy to use his power to manipulate events - but only for the good of his soldiers and friends. Don Pedro takes it upon himself to get Benedick and Beatrice together and set up the marriage between Claudio and Hero. Although he is a force for good in the play, he is too quick to believe his villainous brother about Hero’s infidelity and is too quick to help Claudio to seek revenge. Interestingly, Don Pedro makes half-advances on both Hero and Beatrice in the play - perhaps this explains his sadness in the final scene when he is the only nobleman without a wife. Don John: Referred to as â€Å"the bastard,† Don John is the illegitimate half-brother of Don Pedro. He is the villain of the play and needs little motivation to ruin the marriage of Claudio and Hero - in his own words, â€Å"I cannot be said to be a flattering honest man, it must not be denied but I am a plain-dealing villain.† Before the play begins, Don John had been leading a rebellion against his brother - which is the battle Don Pedro and his men return triumphant from in the opening scene of the play. Although he claims to be â€Å"reconciled† to his brother, he secretly wants revenge for his defeat. Leonato: He is the governor of Messina, father to Hero, uncle to Beatrice and host to Don Pedro and his men. His long friendship with Don Pedro doesn’t stop him from lambasting him when he sides with Claudio over his claims on Hero’s infidelity - he is probably the only character in the play with enough authority to give Don Pedro a piece of his mind. The honor of his family is very important to him, and he suffers greatly when Don John’s plan destroys this. Antonio: Leonato’s brother and father figure to Beatrice. Although elderly, he is loyal to his brother no matter what the cost. Minor Characters Margaret and Ursula: Attendants on Hero.Balthasar: An attendant on Don Pedro.Borachio and Conrad: Don John’s henchmen.Friar Francis: Devises the plan to redeem Hero’s reputation.Dogberry: a bumbling constable.Verges: Dogberry’s second in command.The Watch: They overhear Borachio and Conrad and discover Don John’s plot.The Sexton: Leads the trial against Borachio and Conrad.

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USS Constitution vs HMS Guerriere (War of 1812) Research Paper

USS Constitution vs HMS Guerriere (War of 1812) - Research Paper Example Secondly, an overview of both ships shall then be presented. Lastly, this paper will establish a critical analysis of the battle in the larger context of the war. Concluding remarks shall end this discussion. This paper is being carried out in order to establish a more thorough and critical understanding of the clash between the two aforementioned ships, including their place in the momentous War of 1812. Body War of 1812 The War of 1812 is considered a war between the US and Britain. The US declared war against Britain for many reasons, mostly related to the trade restrictions which Britain imposed on the US as an offshoot of its war with France1. The US was also declaring its protest against Britain for the latter’s practice in the impressment (seizing sailors into public service) of American sailors into its own navy. Britain was also supporting American Indians on their actions against American expansion2. The US was also outraged over the insults on its national identity following its humiliation on the high seas, and lastly, the war was also said to be brought on by the American desire to conquer Canada3. Initially, Britain employed defensive tactics on Upper and Lower Canada in an attempt to push back invading American troops. However, American troops soon successfully annexed Lake Erie in 1813, going on to control parts of Western Ontario, thereby ending any hope of an Indian confederacy and an Independent Indian country under British protection4. General Andrew Jackson was also able to overwhelm military troops of the Creek nation in 1814. When Napoleon was defeated in 1814, however, Britain employed more aggressive tactics, and deployed more invasion troops5. Soon after, British victories were seen, resulting in the capture and destruction of Washington, D.C. American troops were nevertheless able to push back British troops out of New York, Baltimore, and New Orleans. The war was fought at sea through British and American warships and through privateers who then proceeded to attack the merchant ships for either side6. Britain also implemented a blockade of the Atlantic coast of the US, thereby launching raids during the late stages of the war. American victories at sea were mostly single ship battles and battles against Britain provincial ships on the Great Lakes7. The land and the sea battles were seen on the frontier, covering the Great Lakes and Saint Lawrence River. In the South and Gulf coasts, major skirmishes between the battling parties were seen, and the US troops successfully pushed out the British forces at New Orleans8. Invasions of each other’s territories were rampant throughout the war however, most of these invasions were temporary as neither side was able to establish more permanent annexations. By the end of the war, both sides were able to conquer each other’s territories9. In the end, the Treaty of Ghent restored the territories of either party. USS Constitution The USS Constitution was a battle ship of the US Navy. It was wooden-hulled and was a three-masted heavy frigate dubbed by President George Washington after the US Constitution10. It was also the world’s oldest commissioned naval ship. In 1797, the USS Constitution began its journey, joining six original frigates constructed under mandate from the Naval Act of 179411. It was built in Boston and her initial functions as a

Performing and Visual Arts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Performing and Visual Arts - Essay Example There are different kinds of music such as the rich music, dark; in fact, the form of the music is determined by the musician in terms of the sounds. On the other hand, during the Baroque period there was a culmination of the masterworks from composers like J.S Bach and G.F Handel. There was a development of new styles of music during the mid-eighteenth century, which was facilitated by Bach and Handel. Some of the developed musical styles were like the Rococo and pre-classical styles. During the Classic to Romantic, there was a discernment of these musical styles by composers such as Beethoven with symphonies, pianos and string quarters (Zuhur, 1988). As a creator of visual and performance art, one uses numerous elements to depict their thoughts through music or painting. For example, there are two-dimensional objects established in painting or three-dimensional objects, where the artist employs different elements. Moreover, from one point to the other is delineated by the elements in painting through the primary elements (Buck & Schoenberg, 2008). On the other hand, as a performer, one has a role of presenting their acts to the audience, and this can be scripted or unscripted, or it is random or orchestrated. It can also be planned or spontaneous and in some cases, the audiences are present or absent. Finally, the experience of an audience relates to the welcoming the performers, and there are instances where get involved actively in the performance and sometimes they are not witty. The value of  visual and performing art relates to the knowledge and meaning that is offered which cannot be gathered from other sources and subjects. Moreover, the visual and performance art applies a perspective, which is based on judgment, invention, imagination (Reed, 2009). In fact, the integration of visual and performing art in education offers a chance for envisioning the set

Assignment essay and discussion Forum in Sociology Week 10

Assignment and discussion Forum in Sociology Week 10 - Essay Example re many African Americans, Blacks and Hispanics in America who are being discriminated against either based on ‘real or alleged physical characteristics such as skin color, hair texture, eye shape, or other subjectively selected attributes† or â€Å"on the basis of cultural or nationality characteristics† (kendall, p. 255-56). Such groups of people are very often ill-treated and are negated of equal opportunities and are looked down as inferiors. Instances on stratification based on race and ethnicity is visible in almost all aspects of life; the â€Å"color line† that negated African American baseball players of entry into the national team for centuries is the best example for stratification based on race and ethnicity. These sorts of stratification have given rise to the emergence of dominant and subordinate groups in the American society. Prejudice, segregation, discrimination, stereotyping, and ethnocentrisms are the salient features of a society where racial or ethnic bias prevails. When it comes to racism and ethnicity, questions such as whether people sort others based on physical appearance or individual traits come to one’s mind. It is also interesting to note whether everybody classifies people in the same way. The PBS link on sorting people shows that people are classified even based on physical traits such as skin color, finger prints and blood type. Based on these three types of physical traits, people are categorized into American Indians, Asians, Blacks, Hispanic/ Latino, and Whites. The conclusion drawn is that there are many ways to sort people and that â€Å"race is a social idea† the categorization of which is not always â€Å"based on nature, but on our ideas† (Sorting People: Conclusion). One should also notice that there is considerable degree of disparity in income distribution, percentage of poverty and educational attainment among these various races. The US Census Bureau of 2003 shows that the social standings of Africa n Americans and

Performing and Visual Arts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Performing and Visual Arts - Essay Example There are different kinds of music such as the rich music, dark; in fact, the form of the music is determined by the musician in terms of the sounds. On the other hand, during the Baroque period there was a culmination of the masterworks from composers like J.S Bach and G.F Handel. There was a development of new styles of music during the mid-eighteenth century, which was facilitated by Bach and Handel. Some of the developed musical styles were like the Rococo and pre-classical styles. During the Classic to Romantic, there was a discernment of these musical styles by composers such as Beethoven with symphonies, pianos and string quarters (Zuhur, 1988). As a creator of visual and performance art, one uses numerous elements to depict their thoughts through music or painting. For example, there are two-dimensional objects established in painting or three-dimensional objects, where the artist employs different elements. Moreover, from one point to the other is delineated by the elements in painting through the primary elements (Buck & Schoenberg, 2008). On the other hand, as a performer, one has a role of presenting their acts to the audience, and this can be scripted or unscripted, or it is random or orchestrated. It can also be planned or spontaneous and in some cases, the audiences are present or absent. Finally, the experience of an audience relates to the welcoming the performers, and there are instances where get involved actively in the performance and sometimes they are not witty. The value of  visual and performing art relates to the knowledge and meaning that is offered which cannot be gathered from other sources and subjects. Moreover, the visual and performance art applies a perspective, which is based on judgment, invention, imagination (Reed, 2009). In fact, the integration of visual and performing art in education offers a chance for envisioning the set

Contemporary studies in physical education Essay Example for Free

Contemporary studies in physical education Essay There are many ways in which the sport of football is controlled and organised, a majority of the sport is monitored and controlled by governing bodies that distribute funds, organise competitions, present awards and ultimately promote the sport so that football can be accessible to everyone. One of the main football governing bodies is UEFA. The Union of European Football Associations governs football all over Europe and makes sure the rules that are formed by this organisation are enforced and abided by, as well as organising competitions and so on. Moreover, as I live in Wales I will talk about the Football Association of Wales or FAW. The FAW are more of a regional organisation that relay rules etc. from UEFA and make sure that there are competitions, and matches taking place all over Wales, as well as distributing limited funds to grass roots schemes and to various clubs in the region. The FAW are based in Cardiff, the capitol, of Wales, which is, in itself relevant as it means that it is easily located. Here are some details I obtained from UEFA.com: Personnel: Communications: President Address Desmond W. Shanklin. Plymouth Chambers, 3 Westgate General Secretary Street GB David George Collins. Cardiff CF10 1DP Head Coach Telephone Leslie Mark Hughes. +44 29 2037 2325 Press Officer Fax David George Collins. +44 29 2034 3961 As you can see there are quite a number of personnel working at the top of the FAW, these people make sure that everything goes as much to plan as possible and also make sure that there is some sort of authority associated with the sport. This governing body organises a lot of competitions around Wales resulting in leagues and league tables being formed, one such league is the Welsh Premier. There are many football clubs associated with this league ranging from Aberystwyth, Llanelli and Newtown, to Bangor, Caernarfon and Welshpool. All of these teams are entered into the Welsh Premier and compete against each other throughout the season all in the hope of winning and coming top of the table. The way to find out information on the Internet is to log on to www.uefa.com and then look out for the titles reading Welsh football Associations. Regional structure. Although UEFA are a huge organisation, they cannot control every single aspect of the game in all European countries, such as Wales. It is therefore essential that regional, intra-national organisations or governing bodies take as much control as possible and are aware of as much as possible in their area. Wales uses a pyramid system to organise its football events/competitions. The Welsh Premier is Wales national league and the only national competition and all leagues below it operate on a regional basis, the leagues become more localised the further down the pyramid you go. Governing bodies need to structure leagues into regional leagues so that they are more easily managed and are more organised. Like the British Premier League, many foreign countries have adopted segmented or divisional type football leagues. Wales uses this tiered league system to organise many competitions. The Welsh Premier is the top tier or first division and all those below this division are on lower tiers. The second tier consists of two leagues that each covers half of the country. The first represents South Wales and the second, central and North Wales. The champions of both these leagues are promoted to the League of Wales. However although this may sound quite simple, it gets much more complicated the further down the system you go. The similarity is that the teams that come top of the lower leagues are also eligible for promotion. As Ive said, the system gets a lot more mixed up and complex the further down the pyramid you go, with teams having less professional players, and a lower status. The lower less well known teams face a larger competition and less chance of getting promoted due to the larger number of teams. Coaching Awards. It is obvious that if a team succeeds in a particular league and win matches, then, as well as the skill and professionalism of the players being a contributor to their success, the coach of the team must be doing a good job as well. Many organisations present awards to coaches who are seen as successful and who are leading their club well. Without coaches, teams would stand little chance of playing as a team, keeping fit and developing skills, coaches maintain the levels of professionalism whatever the status of the club. Many coaches have to go through training to acquire qualifications in order to coach at the highest level and receive award after doing so. The FA present awards to qualified coaches after they complete training courses at different levels. One such award is the FA Level 1 which is a certificate in coaching football, the course can be taken by anyone over the age of 16 and is an intensive 20 hour course that involves the person dealing with practical coaching, child protection, emergency first aid, over use injuries, child development and growth spurts. Another coaching award is from the NGB or National Governing Body of football. People who have obtained qualifications through their NGB normally go to work shops to further their experience and become better at their job. When someone has obtained qualifications and coaching awards they can pursue a career in coaching their chosen sport and can apply their knowledge acquired through previous courses to coach at various levels. Once in a part time job a coach earn anything from à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½6 to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½20 an hour and full time jobs can pay from à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½12,000 to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½20,000 per annum. Promotional/grass root schemes. It is essential for professional and semi-professional teams to be able to pick or select the next best players in order to maintain the reputation of the club and the skill levels required to reach the top of their league. Without grass root schemes young players would not be able to develop their skills or play enough to get recognised by larger clubs. Grass root schemes also make sure that young children are made aware of the benefits of football or any sport and are also taught rules, and the value of teamwork from a very young age. Sports such as football are huge and although the sport does benefit from promotional and grass root schemes, the sport does have a huge following, it is estimated that there are around 70,000 boys playing football for either schools or clubs between the age ranges of under 11 to under 16 and that over 500,000 play between the ages of 9-16. Grass roots football in the United Kingdom is the responsibility of the 43 county football associations that are affiliated with the FA and make sure everything is organised at a local level. Within the individual county associations there are technical directors that oversee the development of football players from their grass roots all the way up to the highest level of the game. There are centres all over the UK that the FA manages and that develop players at grass root levels. Promotional schemes arise all the time around the country and may take the form of celebrity appearances that may boost the turnout of the event and thus the chance of the sport appealing to more young children is increased. The ability to promote a sport such as football depends largely on the willingness of children to participate at grass roots levels and their eagerness to participate at higher levels. Ultimately the children need to have the drive or enthusiasm to take part at low levels of the sport and maintain that ambition so that they will achieve the highest possible level of success in the sport. In Wales, grass roots schemes such as Dragon Sports help to promote football and get more young children involved by using players that can be used as examples of what you can achieve if you persevere. Dragon Sports organise events where the children can turn up and spend the day being taught by professional players and obviously having fun. Regional and national competitions Throughout the country there are various leagues that I talked about previously in my work, these leagues area made up of various teams that compete for promotion to a higher, more competitive league. Regional competitions or matches, are held between more localised teams which compete to win matches in order to gain points and status within their league. If a team win a majority of their games within their own league and against localised opponents, of inter-county matches, they move on to play against the victors from other leagues in various other counties. Ultimately, the teams that are the best in each area of a country will move into a position where they have to play against each other in order to proceed to the next level. After all of the county matches have been played the victorious teams may be promoted into a larger more advanced league that caters for the best regional teams. Theses teams will then play against one another in a national league that offers bigger more prestigious rewards. The teams/clubs at this level are the cream of all the inter-county teams and all compete for national recognition. Doping control and testing. Over the years there have been numerous incidents where athletes have been tested for drugs and were found to have been abusing illegal, performance enhancing narcotics. It is now the norm for most athletes, including footballers, to be tested for doping and drugs that may affect their performance. There are many different ways in which drug testing can be performed, namely, urine samples, hair samples, perspiration and residues found on the athlete or on items of their possession. The urine sample involves the footballer giving a urine sample just before a game, which is tested for the existence of drugs or any evidence of doping. If the results come back positive then the footballer will be suspended and will not be allowed to play in the match or matches following the test until a governing body tells them they are allowed to play. Hair testing involves the footballer/athlete giving a sample of their hair, which, like the urine is tested for evidence of drugs, again, if the test shows that that person has drugs in their system, then appropriate action will be taken. The perspiration test involves the sweat of the athlete being analysed for the presence of any performance enhancing drugs. This is an effective way of doping control and testing, as there are not many ways in which you can avoid this sort of test, or any of the others for that matter. Residue testing involves the footballer giving an item of theirs to the drug analyst that may have residue from the footballers body on it, this could include a drinking flask, mug etc. that may have the persons saliva on it, or a towel that may have hair on it that could be analysed, i.e. anything that may have any residue on it that could be analysed in order to prove the existence of drugs or doping. Here is an example of how the FA intends to deal with the increase in drug abuse in football; The FA is conducting random drug testing of gifted footballers as young as nine years old. These unannounced spot-checks on 9-16 year olds is being carried out at 147 centres of excellence across England and Wales. However, what I find amazing is that each of these drug tests costs the FA à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½230, but I do think that it is necessary as the drug problems with youth football is escalating. Assessment of development and placement on the performance pyramid. There are five levels to the performance pyramid, these are: 1. Grass roots. Here, everyone is encouraged to take part in the sport and anyone can play it. At this level young children are the focal point as trying to get children involved and interested in a sport from a young age is essential if they are to develop into a potential professional player. This is the stage that many governing bodies and organisations are now becoming interested in in-order to develop players of the future. 2. The second stage is recreation. At this stage, players have developed an interest in the sport and are playing quite frequently. This is also the stage where the player will have developed their interest enough to join a club or team. 3. The third stage is sport. This stage involves the person playing at higher levels and their standards have risen to such a point that means that they have become competitive and driven to win. They will also be playing in some sort of league with aspirations of success. 4. If a football player reaches this level they have entered a stage of excellence. The player probably would have been selected for their talent as a player and will be provided with support so that they can train without much hassle etc. They would be sent to train at a centre of excellence where they will receive professional help from qualified coaches in order to play to the best of their ability. Furthermore, the player will probably be playing at county level with the best players in the area who were also selected for their talent. 5. The final level or stage is elitism. At this stage the player is playing at the highest level and has a desire for winning. Moreover, the chances are that the player is at a professional level and is getting paid to play for a particular team. This is the highest of levels that you can reach in any particular sport. Considering all of the stages I would place myself at stage three, sport. I play football at a competitive level and at quite a high standard. I would say that my interest for the sport has developed into one that I can play football at a level where I feel that winning is important but losing is an inevitable factor. With this in mind I can say that there is little chance of moving to the excellence stage and therefore the elitist stage, as I do have other interests and I do not see football as the only sport that I can play. I believe that I am at this level because I have been playing football since I was seven, and I have developed a love for the sport and can appreciate the effort that is put into playing for such a long period of time. Discussion of the effects on my progress. There are many ways in which I have been helped through my time playing football, there are also many ways in which without extra help, I would not have been able to progress. Without a football organisation such as the FA, there would be little order or organisation in the development of football, such as football clubs at grass root levels. I can also say that the funding that these organisations distribute to various clubs is essential for their survival and maintenance of most equipment and grounds etc. At grass roots level, there is emphasis placed on playing for the enjoyment of the sport, which puts little pressure on players. This way of thinking allows players of the future to develop a love of the sport and thus will tend, like myself, to carry on playing football into their teens and beyond, some will eventually develop their natural abilities to such an extent that they can play football professionally and at an elite level where they can live from the money they are paid by their team/club. From a young age I learnt to play by the rules from grass roots football during matches, I learnt how to control myself in various situations and developed a lot of skills. All of this would have been extremely difficult, if not impossible to do, without the help of governing bodies and organisations such as the FA and FIFA distributing funds and carrying out administrative procedures that ensured players, such as myself, the opportunity to play in a controlled manner in supervised games etc. During my time playing football at club level and at grass roots, I had to pay subscriptions, or subs that would be paid into the FA who would recycle the money and put it back into the various football clubs in the country. This money is used by the FA to fund training camps and centres of excellence throughout the country in order to develop the players of future teams and representatives of our country. Furthermore, without these governing bodies and organisations, lower level clubs, like those at grass root levels, would not be able to support themselves as well as with the assistance of such bodies. The transition from level to level throughout the life of a footballer relies not only on the willingness to pursue the sport, but on the dedication of the governing bodies and organisations to help young players and athletes move on with the most support that they need.

How to Plan an Essay

How to Plan an Essay Writing the Draft Building Confidence The most important thing, when one starts writing the first draft is to start it with the confidence that it is not a difficult task. In order to start writing the good opening of the paper should not be an issue because these drafts have to be revised later and one can develop a better opening of paper. Writing the first draft of a paper, one should think that no grammar, perfect words or the structure of the writing matters and should only concentrate on presenting ideas only. It is important for writer to remember that the first draft that one writes is only for himself and nobody is going to read it, therefore, they should remain confident and should focus on the fact that the main purpose of the writing is to jot down the ideas. Drafting on Computer After doing the first draft on the computer, one should turn the computer off and again organize the thoughts and ideas on the paper and should think about the possible changes that they can make in the paper. After this task is finished, the writer should edit the first draft in accordance with it, but, should save all the revisions separately, to see later and to get encouragement that how far they have come and improved his writing skill. Multiple drafts should be saved with the name (like assignment 1 version 1, assignment 1 version 2 etc.) so that it becomes easier in future to access them easily and it is also important to highlight the changes that a writer has made in each draft. It becomes a reference for the future ad can assist the writer in improving it, although, before restarting the work, the last revised draft should be read, so that the writer gets the understanding that now which improvements their needs. Writing Rough Draft Before you start writing a rough draft, choose a quiet place where you have all the necessary equipment and material, this can help you in increasing your concentration. The writing seems easier, when we start with the easiest section and become successful in completing it because it can give the confidence that we have the ability to do this task efficiently. A good writing is one that engages maximum number of people and this can be done by using simple words and direct style. Imagining that we are talking to the reader can help the writer to write effectively and while giving instructions, one should visualize them performing in accordance with the instructions, this can help the writer to write instructions more clearly. It is important to keep on writing, until one section is complete because it helps in developing coherence and continuity in the section. Later the finished should be revised to make any possible changes. Keeping your Audience in Mind Writing from the reader’s perspective, keeping in mind the type of audience and using language in accordance with it, the level of understanding of the audience, diversity of audience and perspective of the audience are then important factors. We will discuss one by one, the factors that can help in writing a catering with the audience in an effective manner. Writing From the Audience’s Point of View No matter what the audience is, everyone wants to read the writing from his own perspective. When we write for a targeted audience; whether our colleagues, boss or the international community, we should keep in mind that we are choosing the point of view in accordance with it. If we are writing something for our boss, then we should keep in mind that we are explaining the problem and providing the information to the boss from his perspective. This thing can increase the affectivity of the writing and will assist in registering our point. It is important to know about the background of the reader because this can help to get the idea that which style can help in convincing the reader or providing the information to the reader in an efficient manner. If we have to write a report about a technical; part in manufacturing process and know about the level of expertise of the reader, we can use technical language in accordance with it. Accommodating Multiple Audiences When we write from multiple audiences, everyone has different background and this factor makes it difficult to adjust the writing in accordance with it. Since, audience with multiple background demands that all the people should be kept in mind and the level of the readers should be considered. For example, while writing instruction manual, one should write from the starters’ perspective because there are lot of people out there who might be using that particular equipment for the first time. Moreover, the diagrams can help the reader to grasp the point more easily and can make the writing reader friendly. Writing for international Audience While writing for the wide audience, one should keep in mind that there should not be culture bias and the style of the writing used is acceptable by lost of the people i.e. the writing style should not represent a specific region. Making the language simple and common can help the audience to relate with it and grasp the concept easily. Since there are different dialects of English in different region, then the writer should make his expression as common as possible. Persuading Your Audience If the writer has to persuade a targeted audience like management of the company; regarding flexibility in office hours, increasing bonuses for the staff; then one should enlist the advantages of taking that step and should mention the effects that it should have on the morale of the staff moreover, if the targeted audience is different than it is important to start the writing by initially explaining the benefits regarding the topic under discussion and later, writer should give examples from different fields and lastly the reference of the rules of the business. In precaution process, the mentioning of the rules of the business should be done in most soft manner because mentioning it in direct manner puts negative impression on audience. The ethics requires that the cons of the side that you have chosen should also be mentioned because the reader may not get any difficulty in ignorance and if all the process fails the blame might not fall on you. Establish Your Role and Voice as the Writer While writing, one should decide which role they have to take in order to be read and followed in a better way. It against depends on the type of the audience. The friendly writing style is always effective, but, a task is very critical and has to be done in time then the writer should explain the importance of the task and at the end should take an authoritative tone and order hat it needs o be completed in time. Sometimes, it is more effective if the subject of the writing adopts the authoritative tone and tells about the sensitivity of the situation. In normal circumstance, there is always audience which never reads a document, but, still wants to get that task done; in that situation it is important to give a title that can explain that hoe reading that document can help the audience. Development Strategies The strategies that are used to develop the ideas and the concept at the work place include: Explaining a Process Process of explaining deal with the idea of explaining to the reader working of an equipment, how a event or process took place or how to perform it. All these types demand a lot of concentration of the writer because, when explained in a proper sequence they can make it easier for reader to understand. While explaining the process, understanding the level of the audience is imortant. In the opening of the writing t is better to tell the importance of the process and then give the summary. Later when it is explained in detailed, it should be told how it is relevant or associated to a larger process. For example, if one explains the process of developing air brake system to the worker, then it should e done in detail and it should be mentioned that how much important it is for the working of the truck and how it will ensure safety in driving. This tells the reader about the sensitivity of the task and they try to do their job in a better way. Describing Information Describing the information means telling about the features and the appearance of the concepts and the objects that are to be used during the process. But, the description of the information varies from one field to another. In engineering terms it is important to give the specifications of the equipment in the technical term, to marketing professional it is important to tell about the significance and the usability of the product for the customers, most important features of a good description o that it is always clear and specific and covers all the issues in details. The length of the description may depend on the complexity of the process, but, no matter what the length of the writing is information should be described in a manner that it is understandable to the audience and is complete in all terms. In complex concepts, it is better explain stepwise. Defining Terms and Concepts Process of defining the terms is critical because it can give the actual concept of the term to the people related to your field and that of the other fields. Formal definition of the term, that has technical terms in it, can help the people of the related field to understand it more accurately, for example, torque is the cross product of distance vector and force vector. Informal definition that has both technical and simple forms makes it understandable to the people related to other fields for example torque is the cross product of distance vector (distance from knob to hinges) and force vector (force applied to open the door), whereas, extended definition comprises of multiple sentences to explain multiple concepts of the definition. For example torque is the cross product of distance vector and force vector. It means that if the knob is at the greater distance from the pivot (hinges), then greater torque will be produced and it will be easier to open the door. If the definite ar e assisted with figure, the written material become easier to understand. Explaining Cause and Effect It assists in providing information about why a thing happens and what consequences does it have. For example when we do not maintain our vehicle (cause) accidents might happen (effect) and due to these accidents we can have to bear the loss of finance or the life. it is better to provide evidence of your statement and that evidence should be relevant to the audience, has the power to persuade and can be explained by giving demonstrations. Writing an Opening The opening of the draft is really important to get the attention of the reader. The first sentence should be written in a way that it immediately attract reader to itself. Like on topic accidents due to drunk driving an effective sentence could be, do you know that 10,000 people lost their lives, his year in United States, due to drunk driving. The opening of the writing should have three features in it. Firstly, it should introduce the title effectively, secondly, should give some information about the writing and thirdly should focus the attention of the reader. Writing a Closing The closing of the paper or a draft should consider and should mention all the main points of the paper. No new concept should be introduced in the closing paragraph because it may confuse the reader. It is better to give information like email address at the end of the paper so that the reader may contact you if needed. It gives the impression that writer is responsible.