Transmission of Lyme Disease - 569 Words

Lyme disease begins with a bite from an infected tick. It is the most common tick-borne disease within the United States (Wadsworth Center, n.d.). The causative agent of Lyme disease is Borrelia burgdorferi. This pathogen is a spirochete with endoflagella, an outer membrane with LPS-like substance, an inner membrane and a periplasmic space which contains a layer of peptidoglycan (Tilly, Rosa, Stewart, 2009). As stated before, it is transmitted via a bite from an infected tick. There are two main species of ticks, Ixodes scapularis, the blacklegged tick, and Ixodes pacificus, the western blacklegged tick. Ixodes scapularis is mainly found in the northeastern, mid-Atlantic, and north central United States while Ixodes pacificus is found on the Pacific coast of the US (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2013). The most common reservoirs of these ticks are the white tailed deer and the white footed mouse (Wadsworth Center, n.d.). Ticks must be attached and feeding for thirty-six to forty-eight hours to transmit Lyme disease (Mayo Clinic, 2012). Although adult ticks can transmit Borrelia burgdorferi, most people infected are bitten by nymphs, immature ticks. Both females and males of any age are susceptible to being bitten by ticks, however, it is found that children ages zero to fourteen and adults ages thirty and above have the highest numbers of infection. (CDC, 2013) Borrelia burgdorferi is brought in through the tick bite to the bloodstream. From there, itShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Lyme Disease On The Geographical Distribution And Transmission Of The Disease1146 Words   |  5 PagesCenter of Disease Control and Prevention show that there are approximately 300,000 cases of Lyme Disease reported in the United States annually (CDC, 2016). The above data categorizes Lyme Disease as the number one animal carried and vector-borne disease. 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Vector is a term used to describe a living organism which is able to carry and spread an infectious disease from either animal to human or human to human. (WHO, 2016). Not many may know that it was not until 1982 that the Centers for Disease Control